Headache, particularly migraine, is associated with a higher risk of dry eye disease (DED), suggesting headaches should be thought of as an independent risk factor for DED, reported December’s Ann Med.1.
            Specifically, a meta-analysis comprised of 11 studies revealed that all-cause headache was linked to a higher risk of DED (OR = 1.586, 95% CI : 1.409–1.785, I² = 89.3%, p < .001), and migraine headache; tension headache and cluster headache were all associated with a higher risk of DED (OR = 1.503, 95% CI: 1.369–1.650, I² = 81.8%, p < .001; OR = 1.610, 95% CI: 1.585–1.635, p < .001; OR = 2.120, 95% CI: 1.104–4.073, p = .024), respectively. Additionally, the risk of DED in case–control studies was slightly higher versus cross-sectional studies and cohort studies (OR = 1.707, 95% CI: 1.291–2.258, I²= 85.0%, p < .001; OR = 1.600, 95% CI: 1.590–1.610, I² = 0.0%, p < .001; OR = 1.440, 95% CI: 1.096–1.893, p = .009), respectively.
            The study’s researchers plumbed PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and EMBASE databases for relevant studies. CP

1. Liu S, Dong HE, Fang S, Zhang L. Risk of dry eye in headache patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Med. 2022 Dec;54(1):2876-2885. doi: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2133165.